GRAP 4 refers to Stage 4 of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP), a set of emergency measures implemented in Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR) to combat severe air pollution during winter months. GRAP was devised by the Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority (EPCA) and later managed by the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) to tackle varying levels of pollution effectively.
What is GRAP 4?
- GRAP 4 is the highest level of alert under the plan, activated when air quality deteriorates to the ‘Severe+’ (Emergency) category, with an Air Quality Index (AQI) exceeding 450.
- This stage indicates that the air quality is hazardous for all groups, posing significant health risks.
Key Measures Under GRAP 4
To reduce emissions immediately and protect public health, the following steps are enforced:
- Industrial Restrictions:
- Complete ban on non-essential industrial operations in pollution-intensive sectors using non-clean fuels.
- Closure of brick kilns, hot mix plants, and stone crushers.
- Construction and Demolition Ban:
- Halt on all construction and demolition activities across NCR, with strict monitoring.
- Exceptions are provided only for public interest projects, like hospitals or metro construction.
- Vehicular Restrictions:
- Entry of diesel trucks into Delhi is stopped, except for essential services.
- Ban on diesel vehicles, especially older BS-III and BS-IV models, unless they meet stringent norms.
- Schools and Offices:
- Schools may be closed, and outdoor activities curtailed to protect children.
- Advisory for work-from-home to reduce vehicular emissions.
- Public Transport Promotion:
- Deployment of additional buses and metro trains to encourage the use of public transport.
- Carpooling and shared mobility options are promoted.
- Waste Burning Prohibition:
- Strict ban on open waste burning, with penalties for violations.
- Thermal Plant Regulations:
- Temporary closure of coal-based thermal power plants in and around Delhi.
Impact and Challenges
- While GRAP 4 measures are effective in providing temporary relief, they often serve as reactive solutions rather than addressing long-term causes like stubble burning, vehicular pollution, and industrial emissions.
- Implementation challenges, such as monitoring violations and ensuring public compliance, reduce its efficacy.
Why GRAP 4 is Important?
GRAP 4 is a critical response to Delhi’s recurrent air pollution crisis, aiming to prevent further degradation of air quality and safeguard public health during the most hazardous periods. However, its success depends on coordinated efforts between authorities, industries, and citizens.
